• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The system and method of agricultural cultivation using sea water, consists of flexible channels of cloth or plastic sheet in the form of triangular prism of section of isosceles triangle or rectangular triangle, with an upper edge supported by a cable disposed between the ends of two masts, and the two lower lateral edges fixed to the ground by means of anchors. At the bottom of the prism, on the ground, a small layer of seawater runs which evaporates, rises and condenses on the inside faces of the fabric or plastic sheet, sliding towards the lateral edges where it discharges into containers or it applies to the terrain. A solar flat preheater allows to heat the water before introducing it into each channel. The water is heated with an electrical resistance fed with photovoltaic panels, generators driven by wind turbines or with mirrors and solar radiation. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2675823A2
    申请号:ES201600891
    申请日:2016-10-13
    公开日:2018-07-12
    发明作者:Manuel Muñoz Saiz
    申请人:Manuel Muñoz Saiz；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION.-In agricultural irrigation systems and in obtaining potable water.
    5 STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE.-Currently there is a shortage of water in most of the land, despite the large amount of salt water existing, but to date very difficult to desalinate, or excessively expensive despite having multiple and varied systems due to the high cost of the energy used, obtaining waters that are not suitable for direct consumption, and must be treated later. In current systems
    Great energy, a pressure of 27 kg / cm2 is needed to counteract the osmotic pressure, and another additional pressure to obtain appreciable amounts of desalinated water. Such systems need special membranes. With the present invention, water with a low degree of salinity can be achieved, which is the most needed in large quantities for agriculture. That degree of salinity brings great
    15 amount of nutrients, some of which are not provided by the land, and it is even convenient to apply them periodically, with small doses of seawater, which provides about 90 components, among which are 79 trace elements.
    The most important components of seawater are 24g sodium chloride, 5g magnesium chloride, 4g neutral sodium sulfate and calcium chloride l.lg. Chloride
    20 sodium is the most harmful because of its greater proportion or quantity. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Objective of the invention and advantages To provide a practical, simple and economical system that allows the use of seawater for cultivation, by means of desalination in situ.
    25 Use a system that does not use membranes, nor the expensive electrodialysis system. Problem to solve. There is a lot of water, but most of it is salty, and not suitable for irrigation, so
    which seawater is not used directly for cultivation. Current desalination systems are expensive because of the large amount of energy needed for salt separation. With the present invention the problem is solved.
    The agricultural cultivation system and method using seawater of the invention, consists of flexible channels of cloth or plastic sheet in the form of a triangular prism of an isosceles triangle section, with an upper edge supported by a cable arranged between the ends of two masts, and the two lower lateral edges fixed to the ground by means of anchors. At the bottom of the prism, on the ground, a small layer of sea water flows, which evaporates, ascends and condenses on the inner faces of the plastic cloth or sheet, sliding towards the side edges where it discharges into containers , from where it is distributed to the farmland or to the plants to be irrigated. The prismatic duct may consist of an equally prismatic duct but in the form of a rectangular triangle section. A solar flat preheater allows water to be heated before introducing it into each channel.


    In addition to normal evaporation, an additional one is produced by heating the water with electrical resistors by means of renewable energy, using a battery that is powered by photovoltaic panels and generators powered by wind turbines or wind systems. Heating can also be done by heating the duct or the seawater container with mirrors and solar radiation.
    To the water obtained by condensation, 200g of seawater can be added per 500g of fresh water, obtaining an isotonic water. This same and even higher proportion of seawater can be used for agricultural cultivation, when treatments are desired so that plants become accustomed to irrigation with seawater. For example, a proportion of 500g of seawater and 500 of condensed water and / or 750g of seawater and 500 of condensed water can be used.
    The channels can have the bottom and side walls of insulating and watertight material, to avoid heat losses and water leaks.
    Additional condensation systems can be added, which consist of passing the evaporated moist air between multiple plates whose surfaces carry roughness, multiple filaments, multiple grooves or channels, or multiple protruding denticles. In all cases the condensation increases with the temperature drop.
    Evaporation is also increased by making the amount of circulating salt water minimal, with a low flow that equals a large relative area. Plants with a greater capacity to take advantage of seawater are found in the areas closest to the coast, while the others are more centrally located and in higher areas, taking advantage of the continuous underground humidity provided by seawater .
    The water is circulated by gravity through a small slope or driven by pumps powered by renewable, wind or solar energy. Cold air can be applied, also using renewable energy, to increase
    or facilitate the condensation of evaporated water
    The two models that are considered most efficient for watering with seawater are those shown by nature. A water table with seawater to keep the subsoil always moist or adapting the plants to the salinity of seawater, cultivating them in a soil that has the ability to drain excess salts such as sodium chloride. In the second case, increasingly salty water is applied to the plants and in different stages until the adaptation to it occurs. It can be started with halophytic plants such as salicomia, or others more resistant or compatible with salinity such as tomatoes, chard, spinach, etc.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    Figure 1 shows a schematic, perspective, partially and partially sectioned view of the condensation system of the invention.
    Figure 2 shows a schematic view, partially and partially sectioned
    of a variant of the condensation system. MORE DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the invention, where the masts
    (eleven) they support the peripheral cables (3) and between these and the floor the fabric walls or plastic sheets of the flexible prismatic tubular conduit (1), of isosceles triangle section, are arranged, through which a thin layer of water (4) circulates where normal evaporation occurs, the condensed water being deposited on the interior walls of the channel (1), descending to the lateral edges where it discharges into the containers (19). These can be replaced by adjacent farmland. The lower or lateral edges of the duct can be attached to the ground by means of anchors (17). Evaporation is increased, even boiling occurs, by applying the mirrors (9) that direct the sun's rays on or under the water layer
    (4) And with the heat provided by the resistor (16) supplied by the battery (15), which stores the current sent by the photovoltaic panels (12) and by the generator
    (14) operated by the wind turbine (13).
    Figure 2 shows a channel between two masts (11) that support the peripheral cables (3) and between them and the floor are the fabric walls or plastic sheets of the flexible prismatic tubular conduit (1), of right triangle section . A thin layer of water (4) circulates along the bottom of the canal, where normal evaporation occurs, the condensed water being deposited in the lower area of the wall or ramp (la), collecting in the lower area of said wall and discharging about him
    cultivated land (18). The wall or ramp (la) is supported from its upper end by two masts (11) and two anchors (17) in the lower edge or collecting condensed water. The vertical wall (2) replaces the ramp wall used in Figure 1 on the same side.
    5 In both cases, flexible solar flat preheaters, with the upper surface of cloth or plastic sheet, and not shown in the figures, increase the temperature of the seawater stream before entering the evaporation and condensation channels. The land to be cultivated can be located inside the canals next to the
    10 stream of water. In this way the covers (1 and the) can act as greenhouses.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    1. Agricultural farming system using seawater, using the evaporation of seawater and its condensation to apply it to cultivated plants through flexible channels, comprising:
    A prismatic channel of cloth or plastic sheets at whose bottom the water circulates
    from sea:
    Means of normal evaporation of seawater;
    Means of renewable energy heaters and evaporators of water
    sea, andA driving means of the water flow.
    [2]
    2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the agricultural cultivation system using seawater, consists of flexible channels of cloth or plastic sheet in the form of a triangular prism of isosceles triangle section with an upper edge supported by a cable arranged between the ends of two masts, and the two lower lateral edges fixed to the ground by means of anchors; at the bottom of the prism, on the ground, a small layer of sea water flows which evaporates, ascends and condenses on the inner faces of the plastic cloth or sheet, sliding and descending towards the lateral edges where it discharges into containers, from where it is distributed to the farmland or directly to the plants to be irrigated.
    [3]
    3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the agricultural cultivation system using seawater, consists of flexible channels of fabric or plastic sheet in the form of a triangular prism of a right triangle section with an upper edge supported by a cable arranged between the ends of two masts, with lower lateral edges fixed to the ground by means of anchors; at the bottom of the prism, on the ground, a small layer of sea water flows which evaporates, ascends and condenses on the inner faces of the plastic cloth or sheet, sliding and descending towards the lateral edges where it discharges into containers, from where it is distributed to the farmland or to the plants to be irrigated.
    [4]
    Four. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the system carries a flat solar preheater that allows the water to be heated before introducing it into each channel.
    [5]
    5. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the water is circulated through the channels with pumps electrically powered by renewable energy.
    [6]
    6. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaporation of water occurs naturally at room temperature.
    [7]
    7. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaporation of water occurs with increased temperatures with renewable energies.
    [8]
    8. System according to claim 7, characterized in that the evaporation occurs with photovoltaic solar panels, heating an electrical resistance and applying it to water.
    [9]
    9. System according to claim 7, characterized in that the evaporation occurs with flat solar panels, heating an electrical resistance and applying it to water.
    [10]
    10. System according to claim 7, characterized in that the evaporation occurs with reflective side plastic plates or sheets that concentrate part of the sun's rays on the channels or the water.
    [11 ]
    eleven . System according to claim 1, characterized in that additional condensation systems are added, consisting of multiple plates whose surfaces carry roughness, multiple filaments, multiple striations or channels, or multiple protruding denticles.
    [12]
    12. Agricultural cultivation procedure using seawater, which consists of evaporating seawater through flexible channels of cloth or plastic sheet in the form of a triangular prism, with an upper edge supported by a cable arranged between the ends of two masts, and the two lower lateral edges fixed to the ground by means of anchors, on the bottom of the prism, on the ground, a small layer of sea water flows, the evaporated water rises and condenses on the inner faces of the plastic fabric or sheet , sliding towards the lateral edges where it discharges into containers, from where it is distributed to the cultivation land or to the plants to be irrigated, a solar flat preheater allows the water to be heated before introducing it into each channel.
    [13]
    13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the prismatic duct is in the form of an isosceles triangle section.
    [14]
    14. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the prismatic duct is in the form of a rectangular triangle section.
    [15]
    fifteen. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that seawater is added to the water obtained by condensation in a range of 200g of seawater by
    SOOg of fresh water, obtaining an isotonic water.
    [16]
    16. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that seawater is added to the water obtained by condensation in a range of SOOg of seawater by SOOg of fresh water.
    S 17. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that seawater is added to the water obtained by condensation in a range of 7S0g of seawater per SOOg of fresh water.
    t1
    FIG. 2
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    ES2733704T3|2019-12-02|Solar distillation system and related solar powered irrigation apparatus
    ES2693610T3|2018-12-12|Help for plant, water collection sheet and method
    US5067272A|1991-11-26|Apparatus for water desalination and drip irrigation of row crops
    US4698135A|1987-10-06|Desalinating drip-irrigation system
    ES2401516B1|2014-03-27|SOLAR DESALINATION PLANT OF SEA WATER, SALMUERAS OR WASTEWATER.
    ES2719178T3|2019-07-08|Irrigation device
    ES2754265T3|2020-04-16|Production device for a photosynthetic culture by means of a photobioreactor and at least one light distributor
    ES2675823A2|2018-07-12|System and procedure of agricultural cultivation using sea water |
    ES2273059T3|2007-05-01|A GREENHOUSE AND A LOW GLASS CULTURE METHOD.
    GB2472034A|2011-01-26|Solar desalination system
    JP2004194585A|2004-07-15|Plant-cultivating apparatus
    ES2677606B1|2019-05-14|System and procedure of agricultural cultivation using seawater
    ES2331556B2|2010-10-14|PLANTATION UNIT FOR THE CROP OF HELOPHIT PLANTS AND PLANTATION SYSTEM THAT INCLUDES THE SAME.
    DE102010050664A1|2012-05-10|Irrigation and desalination by solar energy
    DE202010015186U1|2011-07-25|Irrigation and desalination by solar energy
    CA2719496A1|2008-10-23|Condensation system for dehumidification and desalination
    RU2632949C1|2017-10-11|Device for plant cultivation on surface water body
    BR112021007967A2|2021-07-27|agricultural apparatus for growing plants
    KR101327724B1|2013-11-11|Floating Seawater Dry system
    CN103496753A|2014-01-08|Salinity adjusting device for aquiculture water
    ES2296519B1|2009-04-01|SOLAR SALT EVAPORATOR.
    JP2013055915A|2013-03-28|Underground moisture recovering device
    JP2008011717A|2008-01-24|Salt water reverse movement-system irrigation device
    JP2971393B2|1999-11-02|Distillation irrigation equipment
    JP2004313154A|2004-11-11|Water-feeding device for tree planting in desert or arid region
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2675823R1|2018-08-08|
    ES2675823B1|2019-05-14|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CH672227A5|1987-02-11|1989-11-15|Kurt Ruess Ingenieurbuero|Desalination and irrigation system - partly evaporates sea water by solar radiation for condensn. in pipes near roots|
    法律状态:
    2018-02-02| PA2A| Conversion into utility model|Effective date: 20180129 |
    2018-07-12| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2675823 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A2 Effective date: 20180712 |
    2018-08-08| EC2A| Search report published|Ref document number: 2675823 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: R1 Effective date: 20180801 |
    2019-05-14| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2675823 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20190514 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201600891A|ES2675823B1|2016-10-13|2016-10-13|System and procedure of agricultural cultivation using seawater|ES201600891A| ES2675823B1|2016-10-13|2016-10-13|System and procedure of agricultural cultivation using seawater|
    [返回顶部]